Types of forest found in nigeria and name information. Accepted 10 october, 2005 the research was undertaken from 19972000 to investigate how forest policy has faired in. This most times result in ground forest fires, surface fires and eventually wild crown forest fires okiwelu and anyanwu, 2003. Pdf this paper attempts an inventory of forest resources in nigeria. Nigeria abstract this paper sets out to explore the effectiveness of forest conservation laws in nigeria. The parks make up about 3 percent of nigerias total land area. As indicated in table 1, eight countries accounting for about 16% of the land area of africa has nearly 43% of the total african forests. Nigeria, like the rest of west africa and other tropical lands, has only two seasons. Oba hills forest reserve, located in osun state of nigeria.
Nigerias forests may disappear by 2047 premium times nigeria. The population of nigeria is estimated to be 90 million 1991 census. Location of high forest monitoring plots within the rainforest of southern nigeria location number of plots year of establishment years of remeasurement 1 omo sawmill sector 10 1985 1987 2 omo abeku sector 16 1985 1987,1997,2000 3 oban east 10 1987 1989. Worried by the high rate of deforestation in the state and its negative consequences, some communities in cross river state have called for the adoption of forest governance as a way to tackle the. Carbon flow pattern in the forest zones of nigeria as influenced by.
There are also more specific types of forests within these larger regions. Pdf on jan 1, 2002, martin cheek and others published the forests of taraba and adamawa states, nigeria. The sambisa forest is one of the few forests in north eastern nigeria where sparse vegetation is the norm. However, the forest is known to produce many other products, which are used widely in many fields though their consumption and trade are not appreciated. Vegetation zones in nigeria and their features updated. Status report article pdf available in biodiversity 1. Afi river forest reserve, located in cross river state, nigeria. Precipitation pe year here is 1400 mm on the average. It is located between latitudes 4 014 0 n and longitude 2 014 0 e. The rainforest in nigeria is built of highmountainous multitiered tropical forests, which contain trees of 4045 meters. On the heels of president muhammadu buhari ratifying the paris agreement on climate change last week, the world bank has charged nigeria to protect its remaining rainforest in cross river state. Nigerias forests can be divided into two principal categories. Between 1990 and 2010, nigeria lost an average of 409,650 ha or 2.
On the other hand, central africa with 44% of the land under forests is the most forested subregion. It argues that it is ecologically unwise to clearfell reserves of native rain forest and replant them with monoculture tree plantations, especially. Over the years, there has being deliberation over the way forest are becoming residential area and bushes are fast becoming roads and hospital all because. O2, 1department ofgeography and regional planning, university calabar, nigeria 2department of geography, islamic university in uganda, mbale, uganda corresponding author. The plots of these savannas alternate with the park savannas and border the banks of the rivers with gallery forests. The grass reaches a great height, in which not only a man, but also. Forest conversion, conservation and forestry in cross. The cross river national park is located in southeast nigeria. The high forests is the main sources of logs in nigeria as cited by kio in 1983. Nigeria s forests can be divided into two principal categories. Three communities surrounding each forest reserve at a radius of about 5 km were randomly selected and 20. Constraints to forest policy implementation in the. The high forests is the main sources of logs in nigeria as.
For example, 75% includes only areas with more than 75% tree cover, whereas 10% includes all areas with more than 10% tree cover. Bgb and carbon stocks for different forest types at cross river state. The iita forest reserve is one of the few remaining forested areas in western nigeria. Forest area as a share of land area of nigeria fell gradually from 15. Nigeria shares land borders with the republic of benin in the west, chad and cameroon in the east, and niger in the north. State of forest t genetic resources in nigeria 3 disclaimer the current publication state of the forest genetic resources in the dry north of nigeria. Often, however, its manysided developmental role is appreciated insufficiently. Nigeria has eight national parks and game reserves spread throughout the country.
The numbers of ants collected per manhour per sampling occasion on the floor of the forest and fillow plots between december 1987 and june 1988. Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees of at least 5 meters in situ, whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural production systems for example, in fruit plantations and. Department of forestry and wildlife, faculty of agriculture, university of benin, benin city, nigeria. It also shares a border with the selfdeclared, but internationally unrecognized state of ambazonia in the southeast. Study area this study was carried out in ondo state, which is one of the states in the defunct western state of nigeria. It also examines plantation forestry as the governments strategy for replenishing the countrys lumber resources. Therefore, in areas of forest vegetation, you are bound to find the trees in almost every corner.
Nigeria is one of the countries in the west africa subregion. Constraints to forest policy implementation in the southwest nigeria. Edumanom forest reserve, located in niger delta region of southeast nigeria. Sample plots of 100 by 100 m 2 were demarcated in each of the selected sites, and were subdivided into smaller unit of 25m by 25m, out of which five temporary sample plots were randomly. Kolade adeyoju department of forestry, university of ibadan the forest resources of nigeria abstract forestry offers challenging prospects, both for economic growth and social development. From street and road map to highresolution satellite imagery of sambisa forest reserve. Forest vegetation have trees as their most dominant feature. Once a rich mixture of tropical forest and savanna woodland covered these low, rolling hills but today this is one of the most densely populated areas of africa and today most of the forest has been removed and.
Oct 23, 2011 isa forest reserver, located in sw nigeria, covering 142 km oba hills forest reserve, located in osun state of nigeria. Forest conversion, conservation and forestry in cross river. A pathway for rural poverty reduction in nigeria paul onuche department of geography benue state university, makurdi, nigeria email. The okwangwo division the focus of this paper is km 2 in extent, comprising the former boshi, okwangwo and boshi extension forest reserves. In order to examine the effects of forest resources exploitation on the economic wellbeing of rural households, in delta state, nigeria, data were collected from 306 households in 12 rural communities in ughelli south local government area. The four forest reserves represent 40% of the total number of the forest reserves and cover a land mass area of 99. Vegetation in nigeria, whether on topographical sheets or thematic maps, has generally been mapped from. Land use decree, forest administration and governance crises. The crossniger transition forests are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southeastern nigeria, located between the niger river on the west and the cross river on the east. It also includes inhabited enclaves within these forest. Among the forest products, timber is regarded as the major forest product in nigeria. Tree species diversity in a nigerian montane forest ecosystem and adjacent fragmented forests ihuma j. The specific objectives were to map the forest cover types of fgr in 1985.
They are mahoganies, walnuts, irokos, oil palms, rubber trees, and obeche trees. Forestry for sustainable development in nigeria 14 depend on importation of wood and wood products, plunging the country in to imbalance trade depleting the nations foreign reserve. Nigeria forest information and data according to the u. If other types of ownership are reported, please specify details in. Its coast lies on the gulf of guinea in the south and it borders lake chad to the northeast.
Tree species diversity analysis of kogo forest reserve in northwestern nigeria bello, a. Tree species diversity in a nigerian montane forest ecosystem. The relationships between fortysix samples of nigerian high forest were assessed by principal components analysis of preexploitation enumeration data. Land use decree, forest administration and governance. Diversity of fruit trees and frugivores in a nigerian montane forest and adjacent fragmented forests ihuma, j. The forest consists of a mixture of open woodland and sections of very dense vegetation of short trees about two metres high and thorny. Plantation forestry and forest conservation in nigeria. The forest zone of west africa, in the strict sense, covers all of liberia and sierra leone, most of guinea, the southern halves of cote divoire and nigeria, and parts of ghana, togo and guineabissau. Southern nigeria this west african rain forest ecoregion has lost most of its original forest cover and native flora and fauna. World bank urges nigeria to protect forest the guardian. This page shows the location of nigeria on a detailed satellite map.
Deforestation and greening the nigerian environment. The fate of a tropical rainforest in nigeria 119 table 1. Human population densities everywhere are extremely high, and little or no natural vegetation remains in most areas. Logging effects on nontimber forest products nftps. Equatorial rainforests, often considered the real rainforest, are characterized by more than 80 inches 2,000 mm of rain annually spread evenly throughout the year.
Collectively they contain an abundant diversity of fauna like buffaloes, roan antelopes, chimpanzees, crocodiles, hippopotamuses, hyenas, giant forest hogs, lions and leopards, as well as flora. Accepted 10 october, 2005 the research was undertaken from 19972000 to investigate how forest policy has faired in meeting the. The results showed that income from forest resources exploitation contributed 41. Nigeria has had forestry and naturalresource conservation laws since the.
The leading causes of forest clearance in nigeria includes. Welcome on board buddies, we will quickly be looking at the names and types of forest found in nigeria and some interesting thing you need to know about these forests. Pdf the forests of taraba and adamawa states, nigeria. Oluwa forest reserve is located in southwestern nigeria. Iita forest project is part of the renowned international institue of tropical agricultures natural resource management, and is located at iita international headquarters in ibadan, in the west of nigeria. Ants of forest and fallow plots in nigeria 97 table 3. Nigerias forest provides significant economic, social and ecological benefits for. Almost half of the territory of nigeria is occupied by a moist, socalled guinean highgrass savanna. A report on the forest resource situation assessment of nigeria.
Nigeria is well endowed with forest resources, accounting for about 2. Thus, this paper set as its objectives, to assess the impact of population pressure on the forest stock of gelegele reserve. Urhonigbe forest reserve is constituted and gazetted. The dry season is accompanied by a dust laden airmass from the sahara desert, locally known as harmattan, or by its main name, the tropical continental ct airmass, while the rainy season is heavily influenced by an airmass originating from the south. This west african rain forest ecoregion has lost most of its original forest cover and native flora and fauna.
This paper examines the depletion of nigerias natural forest resources consequent upon exploitation without adequate conservation. Geographic position of the country the dry region of nigeria lies between latitude n and 11s and longitude 4w and 14e. The forest types are mangrove, freshwater swamp, lowland rain forest, riparian, and montane forests respectively. Consisting of two divisions, oban in the south and okwangwo in the north, it covers a total area of approximately 4000 km 2. Most of the vegetation is typical of the sudanian savanna although, because of human activity, some parts have become more like the sahel savanna. Types of vegetation in nigeria and zones information.
Therefore, the focus of this research work is to assess the diversity and abundance of arthropods and tree species in different forest ecosystems mangrove, rainforest, and derived savannah of ondo state. Encroachment into forest reserve actually started around late 1970s and since then the government had been trying to stem its trend. Assessing the impacts of tenure practices on forest. Nigeria is the most populous country in africa and has highly diverse forest ecosystems. Nigeria, with the fourth highest deforestation rate in the world having lost above 3. The forest vegetation in nigeria can be subdivided into three smaller zones. Tree species diversity in a nigerian montane forest. Spatial and temporal analysis of forest cover change in falgore. Biomass and land use carbon emissions data for nigeria tree cover threshold is used for defining the tree cover area. Saline water swamp this type of vegetation is limited to the coastal strip of nigeria. This research was carried out to determine the tree species composition, relative density and dominance, richness. O2 1deprtment of biological sciences, ondostate university of science and technology, okitipupa, nigeria 2department of forest resources management, university.
Timber organization itto 2011, nigeria has an estimated forest area of 4. This group of products includes all biological materials other. The loss of tropical moist forest is significant throughout west africa martin, 1991 but is particularly well advanced in nigeria. The problems of deforestation in nigerias national parks and forest reserves. Pdf nigerian forestry, wildlife and protected areas. Once a rich mixture of tropical forest and savanna woodland covered these low, rolling hills but today this is one of the most densely populated areas of africa.
State of forest genetic resources in the dry north of nigeria. In 2016, forest area as a share of land area for nigeria was 7. It is probable that less than 10 per cent of the original forest cover remains in nigeria, although as elsewhere estimates vary greatly and adequate national resource surveys are lacking. As a result, many farmers from various communities in southern nigeria migrated to the new area oluwa forest. Unfortunately, this rich vegetation continues to decline at an alarming rate. In practice, modern or mechanical clearing is profoundly classified as total, selective and wind rowing fao, 20a. Diversity and abundance of arthropods and tree species as.
Chapters 2 to 4 cover the detailed description of the dry forest vegetation types in subsaharan africa in terms of their characteristics, floristic diversity and. This paper examines the depletion of nigeria s natural forest resources consequent upon exploitation without adequate conservation. In cross river state, the government had banned logging for over five years due to carbon credit economy on green economy yet the daily loss of primary forest is unprecedented. Pdf forestry for sustainable development in nigeria. Unfortunately the few protected areas mainly forest reserves in this ecoregion. Basel mission archives mission 21 missionsstrasse 21 ch4003 basel switzerland tel. Local peoples perception of forest resources conservation in ekiti state, nigeria 4 two types of forest reserves. This study was carried out to assess the abundance and diversity of tree species and arthropods in different forest vegetation types mangrove, rainforest and derived savannah of ondo state, nigeria. With a focus on five communities that the forest reserve cuts across, both primary and secondary data were derived and analysed using simple descriptive statistics.
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